Lớp thép không gỉ

What is Stainless Steel? Thép không gỉ, còn được gọi là thép inox (từ tiếng Pháp “không gỉ”), là một hợp kim thép có chứa ít nhất 10.5% crom. This chromium content forms a protective oxide layer, giving the steel its corrosion-resistant properties.

Stainless steel has been developed to resist various corrosive environments. It is often used to improve workplace safety, extend building lifespan, and ensure hygiene in food preparation. Stainless steel is also environmentally friendly because it can be melted down, recycled, and reused.

Composition and Types In addition to chromium, stainless steel may contain elements such as nickel, nitơ, và molypden. These elements influence the steel’s properties, including its machinability, khả năng hàn, và sức mạnh.

Main Stainless Steel Categories

• Austenit: The most commonly used type. It contains at least 7% nickel and is non-hardenable by heat treatment. Common in household items, đường ống, thành phần cấu trúc, and architecture.
• Ferit: Similar to mild steel but with better corrosion resistance. Often used in appliances and indoor structures.
• Martensitic: A hard, strong steel with about 13% crom. Common in knives and turbine blades.
• song công: Combines austenitic and ferritic structures. Contains about 22-25% crom và 5% niken, along with molybdenum and nitrogen. Preferred in chemical processing and piping.
• Lượng mưa cứng lại (PH): Hardened through heat treatment. Contains aluminum, đồng, hoặc titan.

Common Grades and Applications

• 303: A machinable austenitic grade, improved with sulfur. Used in shafts, van, và thiết bị thực phẩm.
• 304/304L: The most common stainless grades. 304L has reduced carbon to improve weldability.
• 310: Designed for high-temperature use. Resists oxidation up to 1150°C.
• 316: Second most common grade, enhanced with molybdenum for better corrosion resistance. Widely used in marine, pharmaceutical, and food industries.
• 317: Similar to 316, but with higher alloy content for better resistance to sulfuric compounds.
• 321: Stabilized with titanium to prevent carbide precipitation.
• 347: Stabilized with columbium/tantalum. Good for high-temperature and aerospace use.
• 410: A martensitic alloy used in turbine blades, van, and pump shafts.
• 416: Known for excellent machinability. Lower corrosion resistance due to added sulfur.
• 630 (17-4 PH): High strength and moderate corrosion resistance. Used in aerospace and mechanical parts.

Specialty Grades

• 904L: High-alloy austenitic steel with copper. Excellent resistance to reducing acids and chloride attack.
• 2205 song công: Offers twice the strength of standard austenitic grades. Ideal for oil, khí đốt, và ứng dụng hóa học.
• 2507 (siêu song công): Higher chromium and nitrogen content. Offers superior corrosion resistance and strength.
• hợp kim 20: A super-austenitic alloy with high resistance to sulfuric acid and chloride environments.

Nickel and High-Performance Alloys

• Niken 200: Pure nickel. Used in food handling and magnetic components.
• Niken 201: Low-carbon version of Nickel 200. Better at high temperatures.
• hợp kim 400 (Monel): Nickel-copper alloy. Strong and corrosion-resistant, especially in seawater.
• hợp kim 600 (Inconel): Nickel-chromium-iron alloy. Resists heat and corrosion. Used in aerospace and steam systems.
• hợp kim 625: Nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy. High strength and corrosion resistance up to 1800°F.
• hợp kim 800 (Incoloy): Nickel-iron-chromium with copper and molybdenum. Good for corrosive chemical processes.
• hợp kim 825: Similar to 800, but stabilized with titanium. Used in marine and chemical processing.
• Alloy C-276 (Hastelloy): Nickel-molybdenum-chromium with tungsten. Excellent chemical resistance, especially in chlorides and acids.

Form Options Stainless steel is available in forms such as round bar, flat bar, đường ống, tube, đĩa, tờ giấy, dải, and wire, making it suitable for diverse applications across industries.

Teda Ganghua Metal Company supplies a wide range of stainless steel products and specialty alloys in various forms, supporting industries with high-quality materials and expert service.