스테인레스 스틸 금속 시트
Stainless steel sheets of metal are classified into different series based on microstructure and alloy composition, which determine their mechanical properties and performance in different environments.
The main stainless steel series include:
- 오스테나이트계 (300 시리즈)
- 페라이트 (400 시리즈)
- Martensitic
- 듀플렉스
- 석출경화
- 설명
Stainless steel sheets of metal 건축에 널리 사용됩니다, 조작, 식품 가공, and industrial engineering. They are available in different series and grades, and each series is designed based on specific chemical composition and performance requirements.
The classification of stainless steel sheets is mainly determined by microstructure, 합금 구성, 및 애플리케이션 환경, which directly define the material’s corrosion resistance, 힘, and heat resistance.
How Stainless Steel Series Are Defined
Stainless steel sheet metal is mainly categorized according to metallurgical structure, which is influenced by alloying elements such as chromium, 니켈, 몰리브덴, and carbon.
The main factors that define a stainless steel series include:
- 크롬 (Cr) content → corrosion resistance
- 니켈 (~ 안에) content → toughness and stability
- 몰리브덴 (모) content → pitting resistance
- 탄소 (기음) content → hardness and strength
- Heat treatment behavior → microstructure type
Based on these factors, stainless steel is divided into several major series.
1. 오스테 나이트 스테인레스 스틸 (300 시리즈)
Austenitic stainless steel is the most widely used category.
Typical grades:
- 201
- 304
- 316
- 321
- 310에스
주요 특징:
- 비자성
- 우수한 내식성
- Good formability and weldability
- High ductility
Why it is defined:
- High chromium (16-25%)
- High nickel content stabilizes austenite structure
응용:
- 주방용품
- Food processing
- Chemical industry
- 건축 패널
- 산업용 제조
2. 페라이트계 스테인레스강 (400 시리즈)
Ferritic stainless steel is mainly chromium-based and has no or very low nickel content.
Typical grades:
- 409
- 410
- 430
주요 특징:
- 자기
- 적당한 내식성
- 비해 비용이 저렴함 300 시리즈
- 응력 부식 균열에 대한 우수한 내성
Why it is defined:
- High chromium (10.5-30%)
- Low nickel content
- Ferrite microstructure at room temperature
응용:
- 자동차 배기 시스템
- 가전제품
- 산업용 장비
- 장식 패널
3. Martensitic Stainless Steel
Martensitic stainless steel is known for high hardness and strength.
Typical grades:
- 410
- 420
- 440기음
주요 특징:
- 자기
- 열처리 가능
- High hardness after quenching
- 보다 낮은 내식성 304/316
Why it is defined:
- 더 높은 탄소 함량
- Controlled heat treatment forms martensite structure
응용:
- 주방용 칼
- Surgical tools
- 기계 부품
- Wear-resistant components
4. 듀플렉스 스테인레스 스틸 (2000 시리즈)
Duplex stainless steel combines austenitic and ferritic structures.
Typical grades:
- 2205
- 2507
주요 특징:
- Very high strength
- Excellent chloride corrosion resistance
- 우수한 응력 부식 균열 저항성
Why it is defined:
- Balanced austenite + ferrite microstructure
- Higher chromium and molybdenum content
응용:
- 해양 플랫폼
- 약품탱크
- 해양 구조물
- 압력 용기
5. Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel
This group is strengthened through heat treatment and precipitation hardening.
Typical grades:
- 17-4PH
- 15-5PH
주요 특징:
- Very high strength
- 좋은 내식성
- Heat treatable to different strength levels
응용:
- Aerospace parts
- 고강도 기계 부품
- Engineering structures
Stainless Steel Series Classification Summary
| 시리즈 | Structure Type | Key Feature | 일반적인 등급 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 200/300 시리즈 | 오스테나이트계 | Best corrosion resistance | 201, 304, 316 |
| 400 시리즈 | Ferritic/Martensitic | 자기, 비용 효율적 | 410, 430 |
| 듀플렉스 | Mixed phase | 고강도 + 내식성 | 2205, 2507 |
| PH Series | Precipitation hardened | Very high strength | 17-4PH |
How Grade Numbers Are Assigned
Stainless steel grade numbers (~와 같은 304, 316, 430) are defined by international standards such as:
- ASTM (미국 재료 시험 협회)
- 아이시 (미국 철강 연구소)
- 안에 / DIN standards (유럽)
- JIS standards (일본)
The numbering system is not random; it reflects:
- Chemical composition range
- 기계적 성질
- Intended application category
- Historical classification system
예를 들어:
- 304 = general-purpose austenitic stainless steel
- 316 = molybdenum-enhanced corrosion-resistant grade
- 430 = ferritic stainless steel for general use
