Peran Baja Mekanik dalam Mendukung Industri Baja Tiongkok
Industri Mesin: A Key Driver for Steel Consumption
The machinery industry is a vital pillar of China’s economy and a major consumer of downstream steel. It covers four main categories: metal products, general equipment, special equipment, dan peralatan transportasi. These include industries such as forging, Stamping, casting, industrial robots, pengolahan makanan, peralatan medis, dan transportasi (misalnya, mobil, ships, and aircraft). The machinery sector is further divided into eight sub-fields: conveying equipment, metal processing equipment, casting equipment, power equipment, lifting equipment, refrigeration equipment, separation equipment, and molding and packaging equipment.
According to the China Machinery Industry Federation, machinery sub-industries that contribute to the industrial added value of China’s economy include automobiles, general equipment, special equipment, electrical machinery, and instruments.
Increasing Steel Consumption in Machinery
China’s steel consumption is traditionally divided into sectors like real estate, infrastructure, mobil, mesin, dan peralatan rumah tangga. Diantaranya, the machinery industry is a significant consumer of steel. Di dalam 2024, China’s machinery industry is projected to consume 172 juta ton baja, terhitung sekitar 19.2% of national consumption. Key types of steel used include alloy steel, carbon quenched and tempered steel, spring steel, baja tahan karat, cold heading steel, stamping steel, and free-cutting steel.
It’s important to note that these figures exclude the automobile and shipbuilding industries. If included, the machinery industry’s share of national steel consumption would surpass 35%, making it the second-largest steel consumer after real estate. Data shows that steel consumption in the machinery industry has grown by 38.4% since 2011, almost matching the growth rate of the real estate sector.
Shift Towards High-Value Steel Production
China’s steel consumption peaked in 2020 and has been declining for three consecutive years. Di dalam 2024, it is expected to drop to around 850 juta ton. As policies shift towards high-quality development, the production of basic construction steel, such as rebar and wire rod, has decreased. China’s steel industry is now moving from long construction products to manufacturing plates.
The production of high value-added steel, including cold plates, alloy steel, and stainless steel, is expected to rise annually. Based on the steel consumption patterns of developed countries, China’s steel demand will likely stabilize between 800 million and 900 million tons in the coming years, with continued fluctuations.
Industri Mesin: A Boost for High-Quality Steel
The machinery industry’s growing demand for high-quality steel is expected to support China’s steel sector. Pergeseran ini juga akan mendorong permintaan bahan baku paduan utama yang digunakan dalam pembuatan baja, seperti kromium, nikel, Mangan, molibdenum, vanadium, dan titanium. Kebutuhan akan bahan-bahan ini akan memainkan peran penting dalam meningkatkan industri baja Tiongkok dan memastikan kelanjutan perkembangannya.
